I don't think LR provides a way to look for corrupted files. DNGs do have a checksum that may work for doing this, but regular raw files don't.
You might try checking www.robcole.com to see if he has something that will help with this. You may want to send him a message offline because a quick search of the index page does not show the word "error" so it may be an ancillary aspect of some plug-in, not the main purpose.